Act 1, scene 2 The widow of the duke of Gloucester begs John of Gaunt to avenge the murder of her husband.When Richard and Gaunt, Bolingbroke’s father, are unable to reconcile Bolingbroke and Mowbray, Richard orders them to trial by combat at Coventry. Among Bolingbroke’s charges is that Mowbray was responsible for the murder of Henry’s and Richard’s uncle the duke of Gloucester. Act 1, scene 1 Henry Bolingbroke, King Richard’s cousin, publicly accuses Thomas Mowbray, duke of Norfolk, of treason.Richard is murdered by a follower of Henry. A murder plot against him is uncovered and stopped. Richard abdicates, yielding the crown to Bolingbroke.Richard is held at Pomfret Castle and Bolingbroke becomes King Henry IV. By the time Richard returns from Ireland, many of his former allies have joined Bolingbroke.
Bolingbroke returns to England, quickly gathering support.
The king halts the fight at the last minute, banishing both men from England.When John of Gaunt dies, Richard seizes his possessions to help finance a war in Ireland, thus dispossessing Bolingbroke. At Richard’s command, Bolingbroke and Mowbray prepare for a trial by combat. Bolingbroke’s father, John of Gaunt, privately blames the king for Gloucester’s death.
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